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RUGENDAS. (Johann Moritz) HABITANTE DE GOYAS, QUADRO A ÓLEO PINTADO SOBRE MADEIRA. |
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Clique nas imagens para aumentar. VIEIRA. (Padre António) SERMAM QVE PREGOV O R. P. ANTONIO VIEIRA DA COMPANHIA DE IESV, NA IGREJA DAS CHAGAS, [1658]em a festa que se fez a Sancto Antonio, aos 14. de Septembro deste anno de 1642. Tendo se publicado as Cortes para o dia seguinte. EM COIMBRA. Com todas as Licenças necessarias. Na Impressam de Thome Carualho Impressor da Vniversidade Anno de 1658. De 20x15 cm. Com 57-83, [i em br.] págs. Encadernação recente do século XX, inteira de percalina, com gravações a ouro na pasta anterior. Ilustrado com na folha de rosto, com o trigrama geralmente usado pela Companhia de Jesus encimado por querubim e concha, rodeado por legenda latina e envolto por ornamentos arquitectónicos, frutos e folhagem Texto disposto em duas colunas, com paginação que indica o projecto de realização de uma coletânea de sermões de que não se conhecem hoje quaisquer exemplares e que poderá nunca ter sido publicada. Exemplar com leve acastanhamento próprio do papel, alguma manchas e um pouco aparado à cabeça afectando a paginação e as referências nas margens. As primeiras 2 folhas incluindo a de rosto estão numeradas a tinta coeva de 1 a 4; com pequenas manchas de tinta e de humidade nos dois primeiros fólios. Muito importante para o estudo da divulgação dos sermões de Vieira, para a fixação crítica do texto e para o estudo da oratória sagrada em Portugal. Edição muito rara e de uma variante tão rara, que não foi identificada na pormenorizada Bibliografia do Padre António Vieira, BNP, 1999, que identifica três. Esta 4.º variante caracteriza-se, entre muitas outras marcas, pela disposição do texto na página 95 [i. é 59] como por exemplo: coluna 2, linha 11: «ao lume da Igre-/ja»; linha 8: «celebra-/mos festa hoje. Necessario». Notável sermão que foi pregado no dia 14 de Setembro de 1642, em honra de Santo António, na véspera da reunião das Cortes do Reino em Lisboa, pois como artificiosamente disse o Padre António Vieira, era como se o Santo fosse o procurador do Céu enviado às Cortes, pois «como há dias que o ceo está pella Coroa de Portugal, manda tambem seu Procurador o ceo ás Cortes do Reyno.». Desenvolvendo o tema escolhido, Vieira expõe diversas considerações políticas sobre a responsabilidade dos procuradores, dos seus deveres de justiça e de rectidão, defende que devem ter sempre as virtudes de Santo António, como modelo e especifica mesmo que ao determinarem aumentos de impostos (necessários para a guerra) devem ter o maior cuidado em que sejam obtidos pela persuasão e sejam repartidos por todos. (p. 69). tema que é a questão principal do sermão. Texto do sermão começa ao alto página 95 [i. é 59] e termina na página 83 com a expressão Laus Deo e tem mais uma página em branco. Texto em caracteres redondos, com as citações em itálico. Referências bíblicas e bibliografia das obras citadas em itálico nas margens. PADRE ANTÓNIO VIEIRA (Lisboa, 1608 - Salvador, Brasil, 1697), considerado por muitos como o maior escritor português, é autor de uma vasta obra em português, latim e italiano, sendo definido lapidarmente, por Fernando Pessoa, como o «Imperador da língua portuguesa». Ao mesmo tempo, desenvolveu com brilhantismo, visão e coragem atividades políticas e diplomáticas na defesa de Portugal durante a Guerra da Restauração, tendo entrado em conflito aberto com a Inquisição, que venceu com o apoio do Papa.
The text is laid out in two columns, with pagination suggesting a planned collection of sermons of which no copies are known to exist today and which may never have been published. A copy with slight browning characteristic of the paper, some stains and a little trimming at the top, affecting the pagination and the references in the margins. The first two leaves, including the title page, are numbered in contemporary ink from 1 to 4; there are small ink and damp stains on the first two folios. Of great importance for the study of the dissemination of Vieira’s sermons, for the critical collation of the text, and for the study of sacred oratory in Portugal. A very rare edition of a variant so rare that it was not identified in the detailed bibliography by Father António Vieira, BNP, 1999, which lists three such variants. This fourth variant is characterised, amongst many other features, by the layout of the text on page 95 [i.e. 59], for example: column 2, line 11: «ao lume da Igre-/ja»; line 8: «celebra-/mos festa hoje. Necessario». A remarkable sermon preached on 14 September 1642, in honour of Saint Anthony, on the eve of the meeting of the Cortes of the Kingdom in Lisbon; for, as Father António Vieira artfully put it, it was as though the Saint were Heaven’s procurator sent to the Cortes, for ‘just as Heaven has been with the Crown of Portugal for days now, so too does Heaven send its procurator to the Cortes of the Kingdom.’ In developing his chosen theme, Vieira sets out various political considerations regarding the responsibility of public prosecutors and their duties of justice and integrity; he argues that they must always embody the virtues of Saint Anthony as a model, and even specifies that when determining tax increases (necessary for the war), they must take the utmost care to ensure that these are obtained through persuasion and shared equally amongst all. (folio 7 r.), a theme which forms the main focus of the sermon. The sermon text begins at the top of page 95 [i.e. 59] and ends on page 83 with the phrase ‘Laus Deo’, followed by a blank page. The text is set in round type, with quotations in italics. Biblical references and a bibliography of the works cited are given in italics in the margins. FATHER ANTÓNIO VIEIRA (Lisbon, 1608 – Salvador, Brazil, 1697), regarded by many as the greatest Portuguese writer, is the author of a vast body of work in Portuguese, Latin and Italian, and was succinctly described by Fernando Pessoa as the ‘Emperor of the Portuguese language’. At the same time, he pursued political and diplomatic activities with brilliance, vision and courage in defence of Portugal during the War of Restoration, coming into open conflict with the Inquisition, which he overcame with the Pope’s support. Even more important was his long and dedicated missionary work, during which he distinguished himself by defending the freedom of the indigenous peoples and condemning slavery, as far as was possible in his time; for this, he was eventually expelled by the colonists, who mistreated slaves from Africa and sought to enslave the indigenous peoples, despite royal decrees to the contrary, which he had obtained from King João IV and King Pedro II. Vieira managed to reconcile a profound political realism with a deep-rooted belief in Sebastianism, beginning by identifying King João IV as the ‘Desired One’ of the Sebastianist myth, who was destined to rise from the dead. Although Vieira placed great value on his theological and prophetic works and devoted himself to them at length, it was his sermons that established him as a great orator and writer. His strong personality and oratorical skills drew crowds to hear him preach, but it was the opportunity to revise and oversee the publication of his sermons that turned them into literary works of great value, rather than merely a cold record of his oratorical abilities. In 1614, Vieira moved to Baía with his family and enrolled at the College of the Society of Jesus, where, according to legend, he overcame unexpected learning difficulties and distinguished himself through his intellectual and linguistic abilities, which earned him, in 1625, at the age of 17, the task of drafting the annual report, an event known as the ‘Estalo de Vieira’. In 1623, he began his novitiate, familiarising himself with Tupi culture and language, and in 1625 he took his first vows, beginning to teach rhetoric in Olinda. Ordained as a priest in 1634, he became known as an orator, delivering his first official sermon in Bahia. In 1641, he accompanied the son of the Viceroy of Brazil to Lisbon, embarking on a period as a political adviser to King João IV and undertaking diplomatic missions in Europe. In Rome, he revised his sermons, publishing the first volume in 1679, and was granted exemption from the Inquisition. He returned to Brazil in 1681, where he devoted himself until his death to revising his sermons and writing his theological work, Clavis Prophetarum. Referências/References: Referência: 2606PG002
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